QuietClock

Organic Underwear

2006-10-29T04:50:00.000-08:00

Natural soft Organic Clothinggoods are hard to find as they can often be a little course. Liv Organic Cotton Goodsare soft and luxurious and their Organic Underwear is to die for.

Almaty

2005-04-04T15:34:00.000-07:00

Russian Alma-Ata, formerly (1855–1921) Verny, city, southeastern Kazakstan. It was formerly the capital of the Kazakh S.S.R. (1929–91) and of independent Kazakstan (1991–97). Almaty lies in the northern foothills of the Trans-Ili Alatau at an elevation of 2,300–3,000 feet (700–900 m), where the Bolshaya and Malaya Almaatinka rivers emerge into the plain. The modern city was founded in 1854 when the Russians established the military fortification of Zailiyskoye

Bahram

2005-04-04T04:39:00.000-07:00

Foaled by Friar's Daughter and sired by Blandford, Bahram was owned by the Aga Khan and bred at his stud in Curragh, Ireland. Trained by Frank Butters at Newmarket, Bahram always came in first, from his first race in 1934, which he won by a neck. In 1935, ridden by his usual

Ghadr

2005-04-01T21:26:00.000-08:00

(Urdu: “Revolution”), an early 20th-century movement among Indians, principally Sikhs living in North America, to end British rule in their homeland of India. The movement originated with an organization of immigrants in California called the Hindustani Workers of the Pacific Coast. Shortly after the outbreak of World War I, many of the Ghadrites returned to India and

Bharhut

2005-04-01T03:32:00.000-08:00

The stupa was probably begun in the time

Arête

2005-03-30T20:48:00.000-08:00

(French: “ridge”), in geology, a sharp-crested serrate ridge separating the heads of opposing valleys (cirques) that formerly were occupied by Alpine glaciers. It has steep sides formed by the collapse of unsupported rock, undercut by continual freezing and thawing (glacial sapping; see cirque). Two opposing glaciers meeting at an arête will carve a low, smooth gap, or col

Byas, Don

2005-03-30T06:11:00.000-08:00

During the late 1930s Byas played in several swing bands, including those of Don Redman and Andy Kirk, and in 1941 he became a tenor saxophone soloist (as in “Harvard Blues”) with Count Basie. He also became

Biblical Literature, The King James (Authorized) Version

2005-03-29T21:11:00.000-08:00

A conference of churchmen in 1604 became noteworthy

Acre

2005-03-28T19:59:00.000-08:00

Unit of land measurement in the British Imperial and United States Customary systems, equal to 43,560 square feet, or 160 square rods. One acre is equivalent to 0.4047 hectares (4,047 square metres). Derived from Middle English aker (from Old English aecer) and akin to Latin ager (“field”), the acre had one origin in the typical area that could be plowed in one day with a yoke of oxen pulling a wooden

Water Plantain

2005-03-27T04:36:00.000-08:00

Any freshwater perennial herb of the genus Alisma, commonly found in lakes, ponds, and ditches. The three or four species are widely distributed throughout the North Temperate Zone and Australia. Water-plantain leaves float or extend out of the water. They are sometimes ribbonlike or grasslike, are without lobes, and are often heart-shaped

Syllabic Verse

2005-03-26T10:53:00.000-08:00

In prosody, the metrical system that is most commonly used in English poetry. It is based on both the number of stresses, or accents, and the number of syllables in each line of verse. A line of iambic pentameter verse, for example, consists of five feet, each of which is an iamb (an unstressed followed by a stressed syllable). Although accentual-syllabic verse is very strictly

Plowright, Joan

2005-03-25T23:38:00.000-08:00

Plowright received her dramatic training at the Laban Art of Movement Studio in Manchester and at the Old Vic Theatre School in London. She made her first appearances on stage in 1951, played with an Old Vic touring company in South Africa in 1952, and made her debut in London in The Duenna in 1954. She continued

Korolyov

2005-03-25T09:13:00.000-08:00

Also spelled Korolev , formerly (1938–96) Kaliningrad city, Moscow oblast (province), Central federal district, western Russia. It lies just northeast of the city of Moscow. The area, known as Kalininsky, developed after 1928 as an industrial satellite, particularly for weapons manufacture, and dormitory town of the capital. It achieved city status and was renamed Kaliningrad in 1938. In 1996 the city was renamed in honour of the scientist

Kyogen

2005-03-23T15:39:00.000-08:00

Brief farce or comic interlude played during a Japanese No (lyric drama) cycle, expressed in the vernacular of the second half of the 16th century. Its effect is to relieve the tension of the drama. It is performed in ordinary dress and without masks (unless these are used in parody). There are normally four kyogen interspersed among the usual five No pieces.

Monash, Sir John

2005-03-23T02:34:00.000-08:00

Monash attended Scotch College and Melbourne University obtaining degrees in the arts, in civil engineering, and law. Responsible for the design of a number of bridges in Melbourne and Tasmania, Monash pioneered

Mammal, Territoriality

2005-03-21T01:39:00.000-08:00

That area covered by an individual in his general activity is frequently termed the home range. A territory is a part of the home range defended against other members of the same species. As a generalization it may be said that territoriality is more important in the behavior of birds than of mammals, but data for the latter are available primarily for diurnal species.

Zangid Dynasty

2005-03-20T08:53:00.000-08:00

Muslim Turkish dynasty that was founded by Zangi (q.v.) and which ruled northern Iraq (al-Jazirah) and Syria in the period 1127–1222. After Zangi's death in 1146, his sons divided the state between them, Syria falling to Nureddin (Nur ad-Din Mahmud; reigned 1146–74) and al-Jazirah to Sayf ad-Din Ghazi I (reigned 1146–49). Nureddin's expansionist policy led him to annex Damascus (1154), subjugate Egypt (1168), and present a broad and competent

United States, Black Codes

2005-03-20T06:57:00.000-08:00

Given little guidance from Washington, Southern whites turned to the traditional political leaders of their section for guidance in reorganizing their governments; and the new regimes in the South were suspiciously like those of the antebellum period. To be sure, slavery was abolished; but each reconstructed Southern state government proceeded to adopt a “Black Code,” regulating the rights and privileges of freedmen. Varying from state to state, these codes in general treated blacks as inferiors, relegated to a secondary and subordinate position in society. Their right to own land was restricted, they could not bear arms, and they might be bound out in servitude for vagrancy and other offenses. The conduct of white Southerners indicated that they were not prepared to guarantee even minimal protection of Negro rights. In riots in Memphis (May 1866) and New Orleans (July 1866), black persons were brutally assaulted and promiscuously killed.

Neo-confucianism

2005-03-19T18:51:00.000-08:00

In Japan, the official guiding philosophy of the Tokugawa period (1603–1867). This philosophy profoundly influenced the thought and behaviour of the educated class. The tradition, introduced into Japan from China by Zen Buddhists in the medieval period, provided a heavenly sanction for the existing social order. In the Neo-Confucian view, harmony was maintained by a reciprocal

Aemilian

2005-03-19T09:48:00.000-08:00

Aemilian was a senator and served as consul before receiving the command of the army of Moesia (in present eastern Yugoslavia) during the reign of the emperor Trebonianus Gallus (reigned 251–253). After turning back an invasion by the Goths, Aemilian rebelled against the emperor in the summer of 253 and

Caconda

2005-03-19T08:36:00.000-08:00

A Portuguese military post was established at Caconda about 1680 to facilitate expansion of the slave trade. In the late 18th century, a permanent

Alajuela

2005-03-19T06:51:00.000-08:00

City, northwestern Costa Rica. It lies on the central plateau at an altitude of 3,141 feet (957 metres). Known in colonial days as La Lajuela and Villahermosa, the town was active in support of independence from Spain in 1821; five years later it suffered from a plot to restore Spanish control over Costa Rica. For a brief period in the 1830s Alajuela served as the nation's capital. It was the

Kara Mustafa Pasa, Merzifonlu

2005-03-17T21:57:00.000-08:00

During the grand vizierate (1661–76) of his brother-in-law Köprülü Fazil Ahmed Pasa, Kara Mustafa Pasa served as captain of the fleet, vizier in the State Council, and deputy grand vizier. Succeeding Fazil Ahmed Pasa as grand vizier,

Uhlenbeck, George Eugene

2005-03-17T11:43:00.000-08:00

In 1925, while working on his Ph.D. at the University of Leiden, Neth. (1927), he and Goudsmit put forth their idea of electron spin after ascertaining that electrons rotate about an axis. Uhlenbeck joined the physics department at the

Bondfield, Margaret (grace)

2005-03-16T19:26:00.000-08:00

Bondfield had little schooling. Starting as a draper's assistant at 14, she found conditions miserable and joined the National Union of Shop Assistants at its formation. In 1899 she was the only woman delegate to the Trades Union Congress, and

Culture Area

2005-03-16T13:41:00.000-08:00

Among the most important writers on the subject of culture areas were Sir Halford Mackinder

Lathrop, Mother Alphonsa

2005-03-15T09:56:00.000-08:00

The daughter of the author Nathaniel Hawthorne, Rose was an infant when her family moved to Liverpool, where her father

Caboolture

2005-03-15T00:48:00.000-08:00

Town, southeastern Queensland, Australia, on the Caboolture River. The town was originally a livestock station. Its name was derived from cabul-tur, the Aboriginal word for the carpet snake. To relieve shortages brought about by the American Civil War in the 1860s, Caboolture became a cotton-farming centre. Today, citrus fruits, tobacco, and vegetables are grown, and dairy

Fuzuli, Mehmed Bin Süleyman

2005-03-13T06:20:00.000-08:00

A resident of Baghdad, Fuzuli apparently came from a family of religious officials and was well versed in the thought of his day, but very little is known about his life. Among his early patrons was Shah Esma'il I, founder of the Safavid dynasty of Iran and conqueror

Architecture And Civil Engineering, Exhibitions.

2005-03-13T04:15:00.000-08:00

The Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York City staged the largest exhibit ever held of the work of the Scottish designer Charles Rennie Mackintosh. Originating in Glasgow, Scot., the exhibit later traveled to Chicago and Los Angeles. It focused on 250 items, including furniture, watercolours, posters, and other objects by the noted architect, one of the founders of the

Performing Arts, Africa.

2005-03-12T23:35:00.000-08:00

In Senegal, Joseph Gaï Ramaka's Karmen Geï translated Prosper Merimée's Carmen to modern Africa and a sexually more complex society, while Moussa Sene Absa's Madame Brouette was a lively music-driven story of independent women in revolt against feckless and self-serving men. From Chad, Mahamet Saleh Haroun's Abouna (Our Father) related the optimistic saga of two young

Zambia, Resources

2005-03-12T11:29:00.000-08:00

Copper, the basis of Zambia's prosperity in the first decade of independence, is a declining asset. Alternatives such as optical glass fibre have reduced market demand, and exhaustion of reserves in existing mining areas has led to increased costs. Large-scale mining could end by 2005, although small-scale operations will continue long after that. Cobalt occurs in association

Denishawn School Of Dancing And Related Arts

2005-03-11T01:38:00.000-08:00

Dance school and company founded in 1915 by Ruth St. Denis and her husband, Ted Shawn. Considered a fountainhead of American modern dance, the Denishawn organization systematically promoted nonballetic dance movement and fostered such leading modern dancers as Martha Graham, Doris Humphrey, and Charles Weidman. Because St. Denis and Shawn believed that all dance techniques

Esslingen

2005-03-10T21:20:00.000-08:00

On a commanding height above the city stands the old citadel, and in the inner

Polar Coordinates

2005-03-10T16:31:00.000-08:00

System of locating points in a plane with reference to a fixed point (origin) and an axis through that point. The coordinates are written (r,q), in which r is the distance from the origin to any desired point and q is the angle made by the vector r and the axis. A simple relationship exists between Cartesian coordinates given in terms of two reference axes (x,y) and the polar coordinates

Dysphagia

2005-03-10T11:20:00.000-08:00

Difficulty or pain in swallowing, caused by lesions or stricture of the upper digestive tract, obstruction of the upper digestive tract by tumours or foreign bodies, or disturbances in the nervous or muscular control of swallowing. Obstruction of the esophagus is the most common cause of dysphagia. People with dysphagia may experience a sensation that food or

Hydrosphere, Groundwaters and river runoff

2005-03-09T03:56:00.000-08:00

This section focuses on term R in equation (9) representing groundwater and river runoff losses from the soil-moisture zone. Water percolates from the soil-moisture zone through the unsaturated (vadose) zone to the water table. Flow through the unsaturated zone is complicated. After a rainfall, water may form nearly a continuous phase in pores in this zone, but with drying

Samarra'

2005-03-08T22:30:00.000-08:00

Town, central Iraq. Located on the Tigris River, it is the site of a prehistoric settlement of the 5th millennium BC. The town was founded between the 3rd and 7th centuries AD. In 836, when the 'Abbasid caliph al-Mu'tasim was pressured to leave Baghdad, he made Samarra' his new capital. He built a palace and gardens, and under his successors the town grew until it stretched along the Tigris for

China, Decline and fall

2005-03-08T21:18:00.000-08:00

Careful balancing of powers in the bureaucracy, through which the rulers acted and from which they received advice and information, was essential to good government in China. The demonstrated success of this principle in early Pei Sung so impressed later scholars that they described it as the art of government. It became a lost art under Shen-tsung, however, in the

Pittsburgh Glass

2005-03-08T06:25:00.000-08:00

American glassware produced from the end of the 18th century at numerous factories in that Pennsylvania city. Pittsburgh had the twin advantages of proximity to a source of cheap fuel (coal) and access to a good waterways system, which afforded an inexpensive means of distribution; thus, of the 50 glasshouses that sprang up in Pennsylvania between 1763 and 1850, 40 or more were situated

Allen, Walter

2005-03-07T19:04:00.000-08:00

Allen graduated from the University of Birmingham (B.A., 1932) and taught briefly at his old grammar school before accepting the first of several visiting lectureships and professorships in North America and elsewhere. In 1945 he left teaching to become

Wackernagel, Jacob

2005-03-07T17:32:00.000-08:00

Influenced by his father, Wilhelm Wackernagel, a professor of Germanic studies at the University of Basel, he became interested in comparative linguistics and Sanskrit while studying at the University of Göttingen. In 1876 Wackernagel became

China, Land and people

2005-03-05T15:17:00.000-08:00

Physical geography is surveyed in The Physical Geography of China, 2 vol., trans. from Russian (1969), prepared by the Institute of Geography, U.S.S.R. Academy of Sciences; Songqiao Zhao, Physical Geography of China (1986); and Shih-hsun Ch'en, The Climate of China (1962). Studies of population include June Teufel Dreyer, China's Forty Millions (1976), an examination of China's minorities and their integration into society since 1949; C.K. Leung and Norton Ginsburg (eds.), China: Urbanization and National Development (1980); Liu Zheng et al., China's Population: Problems and Prospects (1981), containing surveys and case studies; Judith Banister, China's Changing Population (1987), an analysis of modern demographic trends; and New China's Population (1988), studies by Chinese demographers of three censuses. Atlases include Chiao-min Hsieh, Atlas of China, ed. by Christopher L. Salter (1973); P.J.M. Geelan and D.C. Twitchett (eds.), The Times Atlas of China (1974); Caroline Blunden and Mark Elvin, Cultural Atlas of China (1983); The Population Atlas of China (1987), on the 1982 census, prepared by the Population Census Office of the State Council of the People's Republic of China and the Chinese Academy of Sciences; and Nathan Sivin (ed.), The Contemporary Atlas of China (1988), including maps, illustrations, essays, and a chronology.

Dendrochronology

2005-03-05T14:13:00.000-08:00

Also called tree-ring dating the scientific discipline concerned with dating and interpreting past events, particularly paleoclimates and climatic trends, based on the analysis of tree rings. Samples are obtained by means of an increment borer, a simple metal tube of small diameter that can be driven into a tree to get a core extending from bark to centre. This core is split in the laboratory,

Biblical Literature, Non-European versions

2005-03-04T06:55:00.000-08:00

Translations of parts of the Bible are known to have existed in only seven Asian and four African languages before the 15th century. In the 17th century Dutch merchants began to interest themselves in the missionary enterprise among non-Europeans. A pioneer was Albert Cornelius Ruyl, who is credited with having translated Matthew into High Malay in 1629, with Mark following

Calas, Jean

2005-03-04T04:49:00.000-08:00

On Oct. 13, 1761, Calas's eldest son, MarcAntoine, was found hanged in his father's textile shop in Toulouse. Anti-Huguenot hysteria broke out among the local Roman Catholic populace,

Kean, Edmund

2005-03-03T17:54:00.000-08:00

Though no official record of his birth exists, it has been well established that he was the bastard son of Ann Carey, who described herself as an itinerant

Plummer, Christopher

2005-03-03T00:18:00.000-08:00

Plummer made his first professional appearance in 1950 in Ottawa and spent several years performing with Canadian repertory theatre groups. In 1954 he made his New York City debut and soon attracted wide critical praise.

Eemian Interglacial Stage

2005-03-02T07:02:00.000-08:00

Major division of Pleistocene time and deposits in Europe (the Pleistocene Epoch began about 1,600,000 years ago and ended about 10,000 years ago). The Eemian Interglacial followed the Saale Glacial Stage and preceded the Weichsel Glacial Stage; the Eemian is correlated with the Ipswichian Interglacial of Britain and the Riss-Würm Interglacial Stage of the Alpine region of Europe.

Xenicidae

2005-03-02T00:49:00.000-08:00

Formerly Acanthisittidae, bird family of the order Passeriformes; its members are commonly known as New Zealand wrens. The three living species are the rock wren (Xenicus gilviventris) and the rare bush wren (X. longipes) on South Island and, common to both islands, the rifleman (Acanthisitta chloris). A fourth species, the Stephen Island wren (X. lyalli), was discovered in 1894 by a lighthouse keeper and

Mah-jongg

2005-03-01T09:53:00.000-08:00

A game of Chinese origin, played with tiles, or p'ais, similar in physical description to those used in dominoes but engraved with Chinese symbols and characters and divided into suits and honours. A fad in England, the United States, and Australia in the mid-1920s, the game was revived in the United States after 1935 but never regained its initial popularity. In the United States,

Xenicidae

2005-03-01T04:00:00.000-08:00

Formerly (1974–92) Confederation of Socialist Parties of the European Community transnational parliamentary group representing the interests of allied socialist and social democratic parties in the European Parliament of the European Union (EU). Although a socialist group fostered cooperation among socialist parties in the Common Assembly of both the European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC) and the European Economic Community (later

Williams, Hank

2005-02-28T15:52:00.000-08:00

Williams began playing the guitar at the age of 8, made his radio debut at 13, and formed his first band, Hank Williams and his Drifting Cowboys, at age 14. His series of recordings in 1947 on the M-G-M label won

Earth

2005-02-27T20:40:00.000-08:00

Terrestrial body whose solid surface, abundant waters, and oxygen-rich atmosphere have combined to create conditions suitable for life. This article discusses the structure, composition, and properties of the solid Earth. For detailed treatment of its surface features, atmosphere, and waters, see the articles atmosphere, hydrosphere, ocean, river, lake, and continental

Astronomy

2005-02-27T03:21:00.000-08:00

Without doubt the most exciting event in astronomy was the impact of Comet Shoemaker-Levy 9 with Jupiter, but studies of other small bodies in the solar system provided their own delights and surprises. Although the solar system is traditionally viewed as comprising the Sun, nine planets, their moons, and the asteroid belt between Mars and Jupiter, the discovery in

Epic Formula

2005-02-26T14:30:00.000-08:00

Convention of language and theme peculiar to oral epic poetry that is often carried over to the written form. The most obvious epic formulas are the “fixed epithets,” stereotyped descriptive phrases that can be varied in different places in the poetic line to suit the demands of the metre. These stock expressions have the twofold function of lightening the oral poet's

Macdonald-wright, Stanton

2005-02-26T02:05:00.000-08:00

Painter and teacher who, with Morgan Russell, founded the movement known as Synchromism about 1912. Synchromism proclaimed colour to be the basis of expression in painting, and, although the movement was short-lived, it proved to be the first abstract art movement developed by American

Minamoto Yoriyoshi

2005-02-25T23:20:00.000-08:00

After aiding the central government in quelling several uprisings by Ainu tribesmen, Yoriyoshi was sent to crush a rebellion led by Abe Yoritoki of the powerful Abe warrior clan of northern Japan (1051). The fighting was characterized by repeated pauses, defeats

China, Japan and Ryukyu

2005-02-25T06:10:00.000-08:00

Three years after the Meiji Restoration of 1868—which inaugurated a period of modernization and political change in Japan—a commercial treaty was signed between China and Japan, and it was ratified in 1873. Understandably it was reciprocal, because both signatories had a similar unequal status vis-à-vis the Western nations. The establishment of the new Sino-Japanese relations

Diels, Otto Paul Hermann

2005-02-25T00:52:00.000-08:00

Diels studied chemistry at the University of Berlin under Emil Fischer and after various appointments was made professor of chemistry at the University of Kiel

Dysentery

2005-02-24T03:59:00.000-08:00

There are two major types of dysentery: bacillary and amebic, caused, respectively, by bacteria and amoebas. Bacillary dysentery, or shigellosis, is caused by bacilli of the genus Shigella. Symptomatically,

Wilhelmina Gebergte

2005-02-23T04:56:00.000-08:00

Mountain range in central Suriname, forming part of South America's granitic Precambrian Guiana Shield, extending about 70 mi (113 km) from west to east. The range divides Suriname's western district of Nickerie from the eastern districts of Saramacca, Brokopondo, and Marowijne. The Wilhelmina Gebergte descends gradually into two lesser ranges of hills to the north—the

Earth Sciences, Weather modification

2005-02-22T15:21:00.000-08:00

As late as the 1890s experiments were conducted in the United States in the hope of producing rain by setting off charges of dynamite lofted by balloons or kites. No positive results were reported, however. More promising were the cloud-seeding experiments of the 1940s, in which silver iodide was released into clouds as smoke or solid carbon dioxide broadcast into clouds

Toowoomba

2005-02-22T08:01:00.000-08:00

City, southeastern Queensland, Australia, on the Great Dividing Range. The principal inland city in the state, Toowoomba is a rail and road junction, tourist resort, service centre for Darling Downs (a livestock, grain, and dairying region of about 3,500,000 acres [1,400,000 hectares]), and site of the Perseverence Creek Water Supply Scheme. The town's industries include engineering works,

Pietro Della Vigna

2005-02-22T06:28:00.000-08:00

Born in the mainland part of the kingdom of Sicily to a poor family (his parents were said to have been

Chiapas Highlands

2005-02-21T05:14:00.000-08:00

High-altitude region of dissected plateaus enclosing a central valley (Valle Central de Chiapas) in Chiapas state, southeastern Mexico. The highlands constitute the northwestern end of a mountainous region extending northward from the lowlands of Nicaragua to the Isthmus of Tehauntepec and are composed of three main features running parallel to the Pacific

Tanzania, Early exploration

2005-02-20T16:33:00.000-08:00

Most of the known history of Tanganyika before the 19th century concerns the coastal area, although the interior has a number of important prehistoric sites, including the Olduvai Gorge. Trading contacts between Arabia and the East African coast existed by the 1st century AD, and there are indications of connections with India. The coastal trading centres were mainly

Biblical Literature, The Second Letter of Paul to the Thessalonians

2005-02-20T13:02:00.000-08:00

A feature of II Thessalonians that resembles the otherwise most unusual feature of I Thessalonians is its excessively long thanksgiving. Within this thanksgiving there is an excursus dealing with the timing of the Parousia, but in II Thessalonians Paul aggressively argues against any expectation of an imminent coming of Christ that might be expected from

Narcolepsy

2005-02-20T06:32:00.000-08:00

The syndrome usually occurs in youth or early adult life and is presumably due to dysfunction of the diencephalic reticular system. The narcoleptic can fall asleep anywhere, anytime—while in conversation, at work, while eating,

Soubise, Benjamin De Rohan, Seigneur De

2005-02-19T07:21:00.000-08:00

Soubise apprenticed as a soldier under Prince Maurice of Orange-Nassau in the Low Countries. In the Huguenot rebellions that rocked France in the 1620s, his elder brother chiefly commanded the Huguenots' forces on land and in the south, while Soubise commanded those

Topological Space

2005-02-18T18:13:00.000-08:00

In mathematics, generalization of Euclidean spaces in which the idea of closeness, or limits, is described in terms of relationships between sets rather than in terms of distance. Every topological space consists of: (1) a set of points; (2) a class of subsets defined axiomatically as open sets; and (3) the set operations of union and intersection. In addition, the class of open

Goatfish

2005-02-18T15:24:00.000-08:00

Goatfishes are characterized by two well-separated dorsal fins and by a pair of long, sensory chin barbels. The barbels are used to find the small, bottom-living invertebrates on which the fishes feed; when not in use, the barbels are flattened into a groove on the throat. Inhabitants

Byrd, William, Of Westover

2005-02-18T14:37:00.000-08:00

His birthplace was the James River plantation home of his father, also named William Byrd, an Indian trader and slave importer. The boy went to school in England, travelled in Holland, and studied law in the Middle Temple, London.

Asian Development Bank

2005-02-17T09:38:00.000-08:00

(ADB), organization established under the auspices of ESCAP (the United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific) that entered into force in August 1966. Thirty “regional” countries of South, Southeast, and East Asia and the South Pacific and 14 “nonregional” countries of western Europe and North America constitute the membership. Each member appoints

South Arabic Language

2005-02-17T03:53:00.000-08:00

Semitic language of southern Arabia and the island of Socotra. South Arabic belongs to the Southern Peripheral group of Semitic languages, along with Ge'ez, Amharic, Tigré, Tigrinya, and the other Semitic languages of Ethiopia, Eritrea, and The Sudan. Modern dialects of the language include Mahri, Shahri (Ehkali), Harsusi, and Bathari on the Arabian shore of the Indian Ocean and Suqu

Theatre-in-the-round

2005-02-17T00:41:00.000-08:00

Also spelled Theater-in-the-round, also called Arena Stage, Central Stage, or Island Stage, form of theatrical staging in which the acting area, which may be raised or at floor level, is completely surrounded by the audience. It has been theorized that the informality thus established leads to increased rapport between the audience and the actors. Theatre-in-the-round has its roots in rituals such as those performed by the ancient Greeks, which evolved into

Torgau

2005-02-16T15:46:00.000-08:00

City, Saxony Land (state), eastern Germany. It is a port on the Elbe River, northeast of Leipzig. First mentioned in 973 and chartered in 1255–67, it was, after 1456, a frequent residence of the electors of Saxony, who built the Hartenfels Castle (1533–44 and 1616–23; now a museum). In 1526 the Torgauer Bund, a league of evangelical princes against the Roman Catholic princes, was formed there. During that period Martin

Fu-an

2005-02-15T13:50:00.000-08:00

Pinyin Fu'an, city in northeastern Fukien sheng (province), China. It is situated on the east bank of the Chiao River, with highway communications running north into Chekiang and south along the coast to Fu-chou, some 90 miles (150 km) away. It is in an area of Fukien that was developed comparatively late, since it is somewhat less productive than the south of the province. Fu-an is above all a market

Cornucopia

2005-02-15T01:52:00.000-08:00

Also called Horn Of Plenty, decorative motif, dating from ancient Greece, that symbolizes abundance. The motif originated as a curved goat's horn filled to overflowing with fruit and grain. It is emblematic of the horn possessed by Zeus's nurse, the Greek nymph Amalthaea (q.v.), which could be filled with whatever the owner wished.

Martyr

2005-02-14T04:04:00.000-08:00

The universality of persecution throughout its history has engendered in Judaism an explicit ideal of martyrdom. It begins with Abraham, who according to legend was cast into a lime kiln and saved from the fire by divine grace. The tradition was continued by Isaac, who consented to be sacrificed by his father, and by Daniel, whose example compelled the popular imagination.

Blood Vessel

2005-02-14T00:13:00.000-08:00

A vessel in the human or animal body in which blood circulates. The vessels that carry blood away from the heart are called arteries, and their very small branches are arterioles. Very small branches that collect the blood from the various organs and parts are called venules, and they unite to form veins, which return the blood to the heart. Capillaries are minute, thin-walled

Ani

2005-02-13T13:25:00.000-08:00

Situated along a major east-west caravan route, Ani first rose to prominence in the 5th century AD and had become a flourishing town by the time Ashot III the Merciful (reigned 952–977), the Bagratid king of Armenia, transferred his

Gheorghiu-dej, Gheorghe

2005-02-12T17:54:00.000-08:00

Having become a revolutionary after World War I, Gheorghiu-Dej joined the then-outlawed Romanian Communist Party in 1930 and was sentenced to 12 years' hard labour for his role in the Grivita railwaymen's strike of 1933. Escaping prison in August

Nephridium

2005-02-12T09:56:00.000-08:00

Nephridia occur in two

Earth, Formation of igneous rocks

2005-02-12T02:56:00.000-08:00

Igneous

Spencer, Lilly Martin

2005-02-11T14:51:00.000-08:00

Angelique Martin was the daughter of French parents who emigrated from England to the United States in 1830. She grew up in Marietta, Ohio, and received a thorough education at home. Having exhibited artistic talent from an

Agreda, María De

2005-02-10T06:39:00.000-08:00

Her virtues and holy life were universally acknowledged, but controversy arose over her mystical writings, her political influence, and her missionary activities.

Laboulbeniomycetes

2005-02-10T01:54:00.000-08:00

Group of fungi (division Mycota) in the class Ascomycetes. It includes more than 1,500 species, which live off the chitin (exoskeleton) of arachnids (e.g., spiders) and insects. The minute species are highly specialized, some attacking only specific areas on one sex of the host species. Asexual reproduction does not occur.

Aerospace Medicine

2005-02-10T00:39:00.000-08:00

The ultimate aim of this specialty is to promote the safety and effectiveness of humans while they are exposed to the stresses of aerospace flight, such as extreme temperatures,

Simon, Claude

2005-02-09T21:07:00.000-08:00

The son of a cavalry officer who was killed in World War I, Simon was raised by his mother in Perpignan, France. After studies at Paris, Oxford, and Cambridge, he traveled

Bradstreet, Anne

2005-02-09T05:27:00.000-08:00

Née Anne Dudley one of the first poets to write English verse in the American colonies. Long considered primarily of historical interest, she won critical acceptance in the 20th century as a writer of enduring verse, particularly for her sequence of religious poems, “Contemplations,” written

Wach, Joachim

2005-02-09T02:14:00.000-08:00

As a professor of the history of religion at the University of Leipzig (1929–35) and the University of Chicago (1945–55), Wach contributed significantly to the field of study that became known as the sociology of religion. He is credited with introducing into

Limburg, Pol, Herman, And Jehanequin De

2005-02-08T16:16:00.000-08:00

Limburg also spelled Limbourg (all b. after 1385, Nijmegen, Brabant [now in The Netherlands]—d. by 1416), three Flemish brothers who were the most famous of all late Gothic illuminators. They synthesized the achievements of contemporary illuminators into a style characterized by subtlety of line, painstaking technique, and minute rendering of detail. The sons of a sculptor,

Aide-de-camp

2005-02-07T09:23:00.000-08:00

(French: “camp assistant”), an officer on the personal staff of a general, admiral, or other high-ranking commander who acts as his confidential secretary in routine matters. On Napoleon's staff such officers were frequently of high military qualifications and acted both as his “eyes” and as interpreters of his mind to subordinate commanders, even on occasion exercising

Gance, Abel

2005-02-07T06:25:00.000-08:00

Working in the cinema from 1909, Gance first gained recognition with his films Mater dolorosa (1917; “Sorrowful Mother,” remade in 1932) and La Dixième Symphonie (1918; “Tenth Symphony”). Influenced by the epic style of the pioneer American

World War I, Mesopotamia, summer 1916winter 1917

2005-02-06T23:29:00.000-08:00

The British forces in Mesopotamia, neglected hitherto and discouraged by the disaster at al-Kut (see above Mesopotamia, 1914–April 1916), received better attention from London in the second half of 1916; and Sir Frederick Stanley Maude, who became commander in chief in August, did so much to restore their morale that by December he was ready to undertake the recapture of al-Kut as a first

Earth, Expansion phase

2005-02-06T01:26:00.000-08:00

The expansion phase is less well understood than the growth phase. Many investigators support the “near-Earth neutral-line” model, but concurrently other explanations have been suggested. In the neutral-line model a localized x-type neutral line is formed inside the plasma sheet somewhere between 20 and 40 Re (earth radii) behind the Earth. Figure 13 (top) shows the topology

Yi In-mun

2005-02-05T08:10:00.000-08:00

A follower of the traditional Northern school of Chinese painting, Yi was known for the subtlety of his designs and the confidence of his brushstrokes. His most famous work, “River in Spring,” is a long horizontal scroll depicting an endless landscape along a river. His use of

Hugh Capet

2005-02-04T22:50:00.000-08:00

Hugh was the eldest son of Hugh the Great, duke of the Franks. On his father's death in 956, Hugh Capet inherited vast estates in the regions of Paris and Orléans, extending in some places south of the

Eye Disease

2005-02-04T18:00:00.000-08:00

This article briefly describes the more common diseases of the eye and its associated structures, and the methods used in examination and diagnosis; it also indicates the treatment and prognosis. The first part deals with conditions affecting the orbit, lids, and external eye, and the second with

QuietClock

Organic Underwear

Almaty

Bahram

Ghadr

Bharhut

Arête

Byas, Don

Biblical Literature, The King James (Authorized) Version

Acre

Water Plantain

Syllabic Verse

Plowright, Joan

Korolyov

Kyogen

Monash, Sir John

Mammal, Territoriality

Zangid Dynasty

United States, Black Codes

Neo-confucianism

Aemilian

Caconda

Alajuela

Kara Mustafa Pasa, Merzifonlu

Uhlenbeck, George Eugene

Bondfield, Margaret (grace)

Culture Area

Lathrop, Mother Alphonsa

Caboolture

Fuzuli, Mehmed Bin Süleyman

Architecture And Civil Engineering, Exhibitions.

Performing Arts, Africa.

Zambia, Resources

Denishawn School Of Dancing And Related Arts

Esslingen

Polar Coordinates

Dysphagia

Hydrosphere, Groundwaters and river runoff

Samarra'

China, Decline and fall

Pittsburgh Glass

Allen, Walter

Wackernagel, Jacob

China, Land and people

Dendrochronology

Biblical Literature, Non-European versions

Calas, Jean

Kean, Edmund

Plummer, Christopher

Eemian Interglacial Stage

Xenicidae

Mah-jongg

Xenicidae

Williams, Hank

Earth

Astronomy

Epic Formula

Macdonald-wright, Stanton

Minamoto Yoriyoshi

China, Japan and Ryukyu

Diels, Otto Paul Hermann

Dysentery

Wilhelmina Gebergte

Earth Sciences, Weather modification

Toowoomba

Pietro Della Vigna

Chiapas Highlands

Tanzania, Early exploration

Biblical Literature, The Second Letter of Paul to the Thessalonians

Narcolepsy

Soubise, Benjamin De Rohan, Seigneur De

Topological Space

Goatfish

Byrd, William, Of Westover

Asian Development Bank

South Arabic Language

Theatre-in-the-round

Torgau

Fu-an

Cornucopia

United States, Black Codes

World War I, Mesopotamia, summer 1916winter 1917